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DAVID M. HUGHES
Department of Human Ecology tel: +1-732-932-9153 x 361 Rutgers University fax: +1-732-932-6667 New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA email: dhughes@aesop.rutgers.edu
Currently: Assistant Professor, Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 2000-;Graduate Faculty Member, Departments of Anthropology and Geography, Rutgers University, New Brunswick.
Education
Ph.D, Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, 1999.
Non-degree coursework, Biological Resources Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 2004. Master of Arts Degree, Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, 1991. Bachelor of Arts Degree, Political Science with African Studies, High Honors, Princeton Univ., 1989.
Fellowships and Prizes Mellon Foundation, New Directions fellowship, 2004-2007. American Anthropological Association, Anthropology and Environment Junior Scholar Award, 2003, for the best journal article (Hughes 2001a, see below), shared with Hugh Raffles. Mellon Foundation, Program on Anthropological Demography, post-doctoral fellowship, Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley, 1999-2000 (I declined). Social Science Research Council - MacArthur Foundation, Program on International Peace and Security, International/Non-Governmental Organization post-doctoral fellowship, 1999-2000. MacArthur Foundation / Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, for dissertation write-up, 1997-1999 (second year funded by IGCC only). Social Science Research Council, International Dissertation Research Fellowship, 1996-1997. Portuguese Studies Program, University of California, Berkeley, 1996, 1998. Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowship and Regents Scholarship, for the study of Shona at University of California, Berkeley (1993-1994) and in Zimbabwe (Summer 1994). Research Program in Development Studies, Princeton University, grant for secondment as Research Officer at Christian Care, Harare, Zimbabwe, 1989-1990.
Grants for Collaborative Work
US Agency for International Development, principal investigator for Zimbabwe land reform portion of Broadening Access and Sustainable Input Market Systems (BASIS, a Collaborative Research Support Program administered by the Land Tenure Center, Univ. of Wisconsin), 2000-2003. Ford Foundation, principal author of grant for planning phase of the collaborative research program "Localities, states, and natural resources in the Philippines, Zimbabwe, and California," 1997.
Book
Hughes, D.M. 2006. From Enslavement to Environmentalism: Politics on a Southern African Frontier. Seattle: University of Washington Press. In press. The book will appear in the “Culture, Place, Nature” series, edited by K. Sivaramakrishnan and Devon Peña. The Ford Foundation and Rutgers University have provided subventions.
Submitted for PublicationHughes, D.M. “Conservation as a cultural project: white writing on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe.” Submitted to Society and Natural Resources, June 2005. Peer-Reviewed Publications
Hughes, D.M. 2006. “Hydrology of hope: farm dams, conservation, and whiteness in Zimbabwe.” American Ethnologist in press. Hughes, D.M. 2006. “Whites and water: how Euro-Africans made nature at Kariba Dam.” Journal of Southern African Studies in press. Hughes, D.M. 2005. “Third nature: making space and time in the Great Limpopo conservation area.” Cultural Anthropology 20(2): 157-84. Hughes, D.M. 2001a. “Cadastral politics: the making of community-based resource management in Zimbabwe and Mozambique.” Development and Change 32(4): 741-68. (This article won a prize. See above.) Hughes, D.M. 2001b. “Rezoned for business: how eco-tourism unlocked black farmland in eastern Zimbabwe.” Journal of Agrarian Change 1(4): 575-99. Hughes, D.M. 1999. "Refugees and squatters: immigration and territorial politics on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border." Journal of Southern African Studies 25(4): 533-52.
Book Chapter
Hughes, D.M. 2001c. “Water as a boundary: national parks, rivers, and the politics of demarcation in Chimanimani, Zimbabwe.” In Helen Ingram and Joachim Blatter, eds. Reflections on Water: New Approaches to Transboundary Conflicts and Cooperation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 267-94. Book Reviews
Hughes, D.M. 2004. Review of “The People you Live with”: Gender Identities and Social Practices, Beliefs and Power in the Livelihoods of Ndau Women and Men in a Village with an Irrigation Scheme in Zimbabwe by Carin Vijfhuizen. Journal of Southern African Studies 30(1): 201-2. Hughes, D.M. 2003. Review of Conservation and Globalization by Jim Igoe. The International Journal of African Historical Studies 36(3): 698-99.
Other Publications
Hughes, D.M. 2003. “Village republics and venture capitalists: strange bedfellows in Zimbabwe-Mozambique transborder conservation.” Journal of Sustainable Forestry 17(1/2): 231-32. Hughes, D.M. 2001d. “The incredible, shrinking communal lands: how ‘development’ betrayed smallholders in eastern Zimbabwe.” In Yuka Suzuki and Eric Worby, eds. Zimbabwe: the Politics of Crisis and the Crisis of Politics. New Haven, CT: Center for International and Area Studies, Yale University. Hughes, D.M. 1998 “Mapping the hinterland: land rights, timber, and territorial politics in Mozambique.” Policy Paper No. 44, Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California, San Diego. Hughes, D.M. 1996. "When parks encroach upon people: expanding national parks in the Rusitu Valley, Zimbabwe." Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(1): 36-40.
Unpublished Reports
Hughes, D.M., ed. 2002. “New agrarian contracts in Zimbabwe: innovations in production and leisure.” Harare: Department of Economic History, University of Zimbabwe. Hughes, D.M. 2000. “To spread opportunity across space: smallholder-led resettlement in eastern Zimbabwe.” Harare: Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE). Hughes, D.M. and M.H. McDermott. 1997. "Reclamações comunitárias sobre o uso e aproveitamento da terra: metodologia de uma documentaçãao na zona do Régulo Gogoi, Distrito de Mossurize, Manica." Maputo: Centro de Informação e Educação para o Desenvolvimento. Hughes, D.M. 1995. "Community-based forest management in the Lucite (Rusitu) River Valley: people and policies of a proposed Mozambique-Zimbabwe transfrontier conservation area." Maputo: the World Bank. Hughes, D.M. 1992. "A study of Bread for the World's and EZE's promotion of producer cooperative enterprises in Zimbabwe and Mozambique." Stuttgart, Germany: Association of the Churches' Development Services. Hughes, D.M. 1990. "Planning for self-reliance: an evaluation of Christian Care's agricultural loans programme." Harare: Christian Care.
Invited Lectures
“Conservation as a cultural project: whites and wilderness on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe,” Seminar in Politics, Society, Environment, and Development, Columbia University., New York, 12 October 2005. “Zimbabwe’s hydrological revolution: farming and white identity in the 1990s,” Centre for Rural Development, University of Zimbabwe, 5 August 2005. “Invented nature, invented community: myths of conservation in the Zambezi and Limpopo complexes,” Centre for Environment and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermartizburg, South Africa, 3 March 2005. “Culture, farming, and power: white claims to land in Zimbabwe,” Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 26 October 2004. “Conservation at Lake Kariba: the literary redemption of environmental ruin,” Department of Economic History, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 2 July 2004. “Beauty and beast: conservation and race at Lake Kariba Zimbabwe,” Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, 19 May 2004. “White waterscapes of leisure in Southern Africa.” Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 28 April 2004. “Primordialist and settler claims to land in Zimbabwe.” Program on African Studies, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 21 April 2004. “Going transboundary: mobility and structural racism in the Great Limpopo conservation project.” Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh and University of Witwatersrand University, Johannesburg (via conference call), 1 October 2003. “Expansion and exclusion in the Great Limpopo Transboundary Park.” Futures Dialogue Seminar, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Harare, 25 July 2003. “Conditional habitats: time, spatial scale, and conservation in Southern Africa.” Department of Geography, University of Washington, Seattle, 19 February 2003. “Taking development workers seriously: an ethnography of conservation intellectuals in Mozambique.” Center for African Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 25 April 2002. “Rezoned for business: how eco-tourism unlocked black farmland in eastern Zimbabwe.” Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 6 December 2000. “The new native reserves: eco-tourism and the scramble for eastern Zimbabwe.” Department of Economic History, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 10 November 2000. “Hoping for white highlands: a century of development planning in west-central Mozambique.” Department of Anthropology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 25 February 2000. “From bombshelling to community: villages, population density, and ideas of prosperity in Zimbabwe, 1892-present.” Center for African Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 30 November 1999. “Where environmental politics are cadastral: maps, community forestry, and frontiers in Mozambique and Zimbabwe.” Environmental Politics Working Group, graduate colloquium series, University of California, Berkeley, 24 September 1999. “Cadastral politics: the making and unmaking of community forestry in Mozambique and Zimbabwe.” School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 5 April 1999; Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 17 May 1999. "Agriculture versus timber in Mozambique: report on a recent community land rights project." Briefing for InterAction (an umbrella group of non-governmental organizations), Washington, DC, 19 November 1997. "'Who are peasants to tell the state how to act?': participatory mapping of land claims in Mozambique" (with Melanie Hughes McDermott). Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 8 October 1997. “’The chief is people, the president is people': rural politics along the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border.” Center for African Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 16 September 1997. “Contextualizing a region: authority and transnationalism on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border.” Institute for Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, 4 August 1997. "Disputed territory and dependent people: local politics on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border." Centre for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 27 June 1997. "Disputed lands and dependent people: rethinking 'community' on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border." Institute of Environmental Policy and Management, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, 12 August 1996. "When parks encroach upon people: dilemmas of conservation and development in Zimbabwe." Institute of Environmental Policy and Management, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, 2 August 1996. "Controlling land, controlling people: rural power on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border." Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, 19 April 1996.
Conference Presentations
“’We’ll farm like Zambians’: white agriculture before and during Zimbabwe’s land reform,” Conference on “Zambia, independence and afterwards: towards a new historiography,” University of Zambia, Lusaka, 11-13 August 2005. “The commons as containment: Zimbabwe’s village republics of the 1990s.” Workshop on “Defending the commons,” International Association for the Study of Common Property and International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 20 May 2005. “Hydrology of hope: farms dams, conservation, and whiteness in Zimbabwe.” Northeastern Workshop on Southern Africa, Burlington Vermont, 22-24 April 2005. “From industrial wasteland to wilderness: how Zimbabwean conservationists redeemed Lake Kariba.” George Wright Society meetings, Philadelphia, 14-18 March 2005. “Farm dams, fish ecology, and white claims to land in Zimbabwe.” Workshop on “People, Local Governance, and Natural Resources Management in Eastern and Southern Africa,” King’s College, University of London, 28 February 2005. “Hydro-power: water, farming, and whiteness in Zimbabwe.” Conference on “Anthropogenic Environments in Africa,” Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 3 December 2004. “In whitest Africa: environmental racism on the Zambezi River.” Conference on “Environmental Justice Abroad,” Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 16 October 2004. “Nature and infrastructure: discourses of engineered ecology on the Zambezi River.” Conference on “Trees, rain and politics in Africa,” Oxford University, Oxford, UK, 29 September – 1 October 2004 “Cultural heritage as pristine nature: the alchemy of white conservationist thought.” Conference on “Heritage in Eastern and Southern Africa,” Livingstone, Zambia, 6-8 July 2004. “From industrial wasteland to wilderness: how Zimbabwean conservationists redeemed Lake Kariba.” New York Area Historians of Africa First Conference, New York University, 20 February 2004. “Lake Kariba and the redemption of an African environmental catastrophe.” Workshop on “Defining success in conservation,” University of Georgia, Athens, 11-12 October 2003. “Refugees and squatters: immigration and the politics of territory on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border.” Conference on “African migration and urbanization in comparative perspective,” Princeton University, University of Witwatersrand, and University of Natal, held in Johannesburg, 4-7 June 2003. “Landscapes from Kariba to farm dams,” Presented to the “Options for wildlife on Zimbabwe’s highveld” workshop, Harare, 14 April 2003. “Endowments versus incomes: rethinking incentive-based conservation in light of economic collapse,” presented to the Land Reform Symposium, Nyanga, Zimbabwe, 26-28 March 2003. “Time, scale, and social inequality in the Great Limpopo conservation area,” presented to the “New agrarian contracts in Zimbabwe” conference, Harare, 13 September 2002. “The end of partition?: reconfiguring black and white spaces in rural Zimbabwe,” presented at the meetings of the International Association for the Study of Common Property, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002. “New native reserves or none? Social science and contemporary colonization in central Mozambique,” presented to the “Portuguese/African encounters congress,” Brown University, Providence, RI, 25-28 April 2002. “When tourists cross boundaries and peasants don’t: the power of regional metaphors in Southern Africa,” presented to the “Globalization of geographies of conservation” conference, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 19 April 2002. “Bioregionalism and community theory: how conservationists and anthropologists reordered space in central Mozambique,” presented to American Anthropological Association annual meeting, Washington, DC, 28 November – 2 December 2001. “Go east, white farmer: settler-led development in central Mozambique,” presented to the US African Studies Association annual meeting, Houston, 15-18 November 2001. “The re-measuring of Mozambique: conservation, social science, and settler-led development,” presented to the Africa Focus NY conference, Columbia University, New York, 26 October 2001. “The opening of Zimbabwe: pitfalls of democratic and development liberalism,” presented to the conference on “Rethinking land, state, and citizenship through the Zimbabwe crisis,” Center for Development Research, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-5 September 2001. “Village republics and venture capitalists: strange bedfellows in Zimbabwe-Mozambique transborder conservation,” presented to the International Society of Tropical Foresters conference on “Transboundary Protected Areas,” Yale University, New Haven, CT, 30-31 March 2001. “The Rhodesian order of race, space, and nature: a reappraisal in light of current alternatives.” Association of American Geographers annual meeting, New York, 27 February –3 March 2001. “To spread opportunity across space: smallholder-led resettlement in eastern Zimbabwe.” African Studies Association annual meeting, Nashville, Tennessee, 16-19 November 2000. “Cadastral politics in eastern Zimbabwe.” Presented at the “A view of the land” conference, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, 3-7 July 2000. “Just so stories from an Afrikaner frontier: how politics became territorial in eastern Zimbabwe.” Presented at the American Anthropological Association annual meeting, Chicago, 17-21 November 1999. "Enclosing Mozambique: Zimbabwean loggers and mappers in Gogoi, 1993-1997." Presented at the conference on “African Environments, Past and Present,” Oxford University, Oxford, UK, 5-8 July 1999. “Maps on the Mozambican hinterland: the cadastral turn in Chief Gogoi’s area.” Presented at the conference on “New Research on African Economies,” Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 5 March 1999. "Can community forestry solve the 'land question' in Chimanimani, Zimbabwe: lessons from the biography of a grassroots committee." Presented to the International Conference on Natural Resources Management, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 26-28 January 1999. "Who calls the shots in community-based resource management?: accountability and autocracy in Chimanimani, Zimbabwe." Presented to the African Studies Association annual meetings, Chicago, 29 October – 1 November 1998. "Mapping the Mozambican environment: territorial politics on the frontier." Presented at "The environment in context: democracy, capitalism and culture" conference, University of California, Irvine, 31 May-1 June 1998. "Logging and mapping Mozambique." Presented to the Joint Berkeley-Stanford Center for African Studies annual conference, Berkeley, California, 25 April 1998. "Reinventing vulnerability in a bordered world: Mozambican refugees in a Zimbabwean community." Presented to the "New world orders?" conference, University of California, Irvine, 17-18 January 1998. "Mozambican war and Zimbabwean turf: control over land and people." Presented to American Anthropological Association meetings, Washington, DC, 19-23 November 1997. "Etapas para o maneio comunitário de florestas e fauna: uma metodologia para implementar a nova Lei da Terra." Special presentation to the Conferência Nacional de Florestas e Fauna Bravia, Pequenos Libombos, Mozambique, 16-20 June 1997. "Common property as political ploy: headmen, refugees, and turf battles on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border." Presented to International Association for the Study of Common Property meetings, Berkeley, California, 5-8 June 1996. "Grabbing new lands: three instances of migration and the politics of 'gray tenure' in South East Africa." Presented to Joint Berkeley-Stanford Center for African Studies annual conference, Berkeley, California, 30 April 1994. Presentations to Practitioners and Policy-Makers (some overlap with above)
“The commons as containment: Zimbabwe’s village republics of the 1990s.” Workshop on “Defending the commons,” International Association for the Study of Common Property and International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 20 May 2005. “From industrial wasteland to wilderness: how Zimbabwean conservationists redeemed Lake Kariba.” George Wright Society meetings, Philadelphia, 14-18 March 2005. “Invented nature, invented community: myths of conservation in the Zambezi and Limpopo complexes,” Centre for Environment and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermartizburg, South Africa, 3 March 2005. “Lake Kariba and the redemption of an African environmental catastrophe.” Workshop on “Defining success in conservation,” University of Georgia, Athens, 11-12 October 2003. “Going transboundary: mobility and structural racism in the Great Limpopo conservation project.” Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh and University of Witwatersrand University, Johannesburg (via conference call), 1 October 2003. “Expansion and exclusion in the Great Limpopo Transboundary Park.” Futures Dialogue Seminar, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Harare, 25 July 2003. “Landscapes from Kariba to farm dams,” Presented to the “Options for wildlife on Zimbabwe’s highveld” workshop, Harare, 14 April 2003. “Endowments versus incomes: rethinking incentive-based conservation in light of economic collapse,” presented to the Land Reform Symposium, Nyanga, Zimbabwe, 26-28 March 2003. “Village republics and venture capitalists: strange bedfellows in Zimbabwe-Mozambique transborder conservation,” presented to the International Society of Tropical Foresters conference on “Transboundary Protected Areas,” Yale University, New Haven, CT, 30-31 March 2001. "Can community forestry solve the 'land question' in Chimanimani, Zimbabwe: lessons from the biography of a grassroots committee." Presented to the International Conference on Natural Resources Management, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 26-28 January 1999. "Agriculture versus timber in Mozambique: report on a recent community land rights project." Briefing for InterAction (an umbrella group of non-governmental organizations), Washington, DC, 19 November 1997. “O projecto de delimitação participativa do terreno comunitário em Mossurize.” Presentation at official opening ceremony for the Chimanimani Transfrontier Conservation Area, Chimoio, Mozambique, 11 July 1997. "Etapas para o maneio comunitário de florestas e fauna: uma metodologia para implementar a nova Lei da Terra." Special presentation to the Conferência Nacional de Florestas e Fauna Bravia, Pequenos Libombos, Mozambique, 16-20 June 1997. Workshops and Panels Organized, Chaired, or Discussed
Organizer, “Anthropogenic environments in Africa” workshop, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 3 December 2004. Organizer, “Options for wildlife on Zimbabwe’s highveld” workshop, Harare, 14 April 2003. Organizer, “Outgrower schemes and contract farming: the way forward” workshop, Hot Springs, Zimbabwe, 2-4 April 2003. Organizer, “New agrarian contracts in Zimbabwe” conference, Harare, 13 September 2002. Discussant, “Livelihoods in distress” conference, Department of Rural and Urban Planning, University of Zimbabwe, 20-21 August 2002. Discussant, “Agrarian reforms, sustainable national development and globalisation,” at the “State, labour and agrarian issues” conference, Institute of Development Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, 24-25 July 2002. Discussant and chair, “Land, resource use, and the environment,” at the “Zimbabwe in Transition” conference, University of Florida, Gainesville, 21-23 March 2002. Organizer and chair,“Agricultural maneuvers in Zimbabwe and its hinterland: latent and emergent agrarian contracts,” at US African Studies Association annual meeting, Houston, 15-18 November 2001. Organizer and chair, “Chiefs versus councils: local accountability and authority in natural resources management” panel at US African Studies Association annual meetings, Chicago, 29 October – 1 November 1998.
Media Appearances
Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, television, ”Talking business” program, 19 August 2003. Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, Radio 2, “Tsika dzedu” program (in Shona), 27 July 1994.
Teaching
Assistant Professor, Rutgers University, 1/2000-: Human Ecology 102, “Global environmental processes and institutions.” Human Ecology 315, “International environmental policy.” Anthropology 552 / Geography 606, “Frontiers.” Graduate Student Instructor, University of California, Berkeley (taught discussion sections only): History 10, “Pre-colonial Africa,” Spring 1999. Anthropology 3AC, "Introduction to social and cultural anthropology," Fall 1995, Spring 1996. Anthropology 114, "History of anthropological thought," Fall 1994. Anthropology 148, "Human ecological relationships," Fall 1990.
Graduate Student Advising
Andrews, Margot. 2010 (expected), Geography (main advisor). Capoccia, Stella. 2009 (expected), Geography (main advisor). Baskind, Sharon. 2007 (expected). “’Natural means beautiful’: the history, science, and politics of landscape change in the San Juan Islands.” Ph.D. dissertation, Anthropology (main advisor). Hanes, Sam. 2007 (expected). “Early oyster science and conservation.” Ph.D. dissertation, Geography (committee member). Sen, Debarati. 2008 (expected). “Dilemmas of Tea Production in Darjeeling India: Illegal or Organic?” Ph.D. dissertation, Anthropology (committee member). |